旅游合同 英文(英文合同常用的实词)

英文合同常用的实词

1. Represent, warrant, undertake, guarantee

在英文合同中这几个词都表示“保证”的含义。Represent 往往和warrant连用，出现在合同的声明保证部分：

例如：Under FOB terms, the Seller shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer, within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract.

根据离岸价格术语，卖方应保证根据在本合同第八条规定的时限内，按买方通知的日期，装 运货物至买方指定船只。

2. Principal place of business (principal office), domicile, business premise, registered office

在英文合同中，这几个词的意思分别是：“主营业地”、“住所地”、“营业场所”、“注册地”。往往出现在前言的“parties”部分。

例如：If franchisee is declared in default of the agreement, the franchiser has the right to conclude the terms of the agreement and also has the right, without notice to execute any dutiful and authorized acts, on the business premise necessary.

如被特许方承认违约，许可方则有权终止该协议且有权未经通知在必要的营业场所采取任何尽责和授权行为。

例如： The Arbitration shall be conducted in the country of the domicile of the defendant.

本仲裁应在被申请人住所地的国家进行。

3. Chapter, article, section, clause, paragraph, subparagraph

英文合同中的“章”、“条”、“款”、“项” 分别用

chapter, article/section/clause, paragraph, subparagraph表示。

4. Have the right to do, be entitled to, may do, reserve the right to do, be (duly) authorized to do, have the authority to do, do sth at one’s option or/and discretion, be liberty to do

这一组短语是都表示“有权做”。Be entitled to表示to give sb. the right to sth.(to sth.)体现该权利法律上的强制性。

Reserve the right to do表示to have a specified power of right in law体现法律上规定的权利。而be authorized to do, have the authority to do指经授权而有的权利，至于do sth. at one’s option or/and discretion则指行为人自主决定的权利。

如：The supervision personnel appointed by Party A and its representative shall have the authority to supervise the progress of work and give instruction.

甲方任命的监管人员及其代表应有权监督工程进度并发出指令。

5.Perform, fulfill, execute, implement英文合同表示合同履行时经常用到这几个词，perform表示to do what one party is obliged to do by a contract泛指双方履行合同的各项责任和义务，而fulfill表示to do everything which is promised in a contract强调合同一方具体履行合同的义务。Execute implement表示则强调具体实施，execute也有签约、生效的用法。

例如：All disputes arising in connection with this contract or in the execution thereof, should be settled amicably through negotiations.

所有与合同或合同履行有关的争议，应通过友好协商解决。

6.Abide by, observe, obey, comply with

这几个词在英文合同中都表示“遵守，服从，”的意思。Comply with的主语通常是Sth.而observe和abide by则的主语通常是Sb.

例如：The delivered equipment shall be installed and tested by Party B and shall fully comply with the technical requirements and processing quality of the contract.

所交付的设备应由乙方安装调试，应完全符合本合同的技术要求和工艺质量。

7. have the legal obligation to do, be obliged/obligated to, shall do, be under the obligation to do,be liable/responsible to do, be liable/responsible for,

在英文合同中这一组短语都表达“有责任、有义务”。Shall do sth.在第二章英文合同特点时，已经述及，在此不再赘述。其他短语的用法，参看下例：

例1：The Company has no legal obligation, absolute or contingent, to any other Person to sell any material portion of the assets of the Company, to sell any material portion of the capital stock or other ownership interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or to effect any merger, consolidation or other reorganization of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to enter into any agreement with respect thereto.

本公司没有完全或随附的任何法律义务向任何他人出售公司资产的任何重要部分，出售股本的任何重要部分或本公司或其任一子公司的其他所有权权益，或实现本公司或任一子公司的并购、合并或其他的重组或签订有关以上事项的协议。

8.在基础英语中，effect一般作名词，指效果、影响，英文合同中如：come into effect表示生效，sth. in effect表示生效的法律文件。除了这些基本用法外，effect还常用作动词表示“实现”、“完成”的意思。

例如：This contract shall come into effect on the date when it is signed by both parties.

本合同从双方签字之日起生效。

The Buyer shall accept the bill of exchange immediately upon the first presentation of the bill of exchange and the required documents and shall effect the payment on the maturity date of the bill of exchange.

汇票一经承兑交单，买方应在汇票到期时完成支付。

此外，当表达实际上，事实上的含义时，英文合同常用in effect, 而不是in fact.

9.Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original

在英文合同中，Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original 都用作表示合同一式几份。Counterpart, copy和duplicate指副本，而original指的是正本，而且duplicate就有双重双份的意思，也常见in duplicate的用法，与此类似的还有in triplicate(一式三份), in quadruplicate(一式四份)，in quintuplicate(一式五份)，

in sextuplicate (一式六份)，

in septuplicate(一式七份)，

in octuplicate (一式八份)，

in nonuplicate (一式九份)，

in decuplicate (一式十份)等等。

10.Incur

英文合同中incur指“招致，引起”，相当于基础英语中的cause。通常以过去分词incurred形式出现。

例如：In case her age exceeds 15 years, the extra average insurance premium thus incurred shall be borne by the Seller.

如果她的年龄超过15岁，则由买方承担因此产生的平均保险费以外的费用。

11.To-wit

作为法律专用语，to-wit的意思为“即”，相当于基础英语中的“that is to say(i.e.)”。

12.Sanction, approval, examination

英文合同表示审批、批准时，常常使用这几个词，sanction尤其专用于合同。